Anayasa Mahkemesi, dilencinin \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan alt\u0131n ve paralar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7mesinin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verdi.<\/p>\n
Zab\u0131taya yakalanan ve \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan 26 \u00e7eyrek alt\u0131n, 12 Cumhuriyet alt\u0131n\u0131, bir bilezik ve bin 633 liran\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesine karar verilen dilenci, Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulunarak m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, ba\u015fvurucunun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmedi\u011fine karar verdi.<\/p>\n
\u0130zmir’in Kar\u015f\u0131yaka il\u00e7esinde balon satt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden bir ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda Kar\u015f\u0131yaka Belediyesi zab\u0131ta memurlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair tutanak d\u00fczenlendi, \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan 26 \u00e7eyrek alt\u0131n, 12 Cumhuriyet alt\u0131n\u0131, bir bilezik ve bin 633 liraya zab\u0131ta memurlar\u0131nca el konuldu.<\/p>\n
Belediye Enc\u00fcmeni dilencilik kabahatini i\u015fledi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle ba\u015fvurucuya 100 lira tutar\u0131nda idari para cezas\u0131 verilmesine ve el konulan alt\u0131n ile nakit paran\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesine karar verdi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucu bu i\u015fleme kar\u015f\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131yaka 1. Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011fi nezdinde itirazda bulundu. Ba\u015fvurucu itiraz dilek\u00e7esinde, dilencilik yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve balon satarak ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savundu. Hakimlik itiraz\u0131 reddetti.<\/p>\n
Karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde, yeminli tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na itibar edildi\u011fi belirtilerek ba\u015fvurucunun dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatine var\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00f6revlilerin uyar\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen yedi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr ayn\u0131 yerde dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilen ba\u015fvurucunun daha evvel de dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve bu i\u015fi meslek haline getirdi\u011fine i\u015faret edilen kararda, bu sebeple s\u00f6z konusu mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dilencilikten elde edilen gelirle al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edildi.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucunun bu karara yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 itiraz da Kar\u015f\u0131yaka 2. Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011fince ayn\u0131 gerek\u00e7elerle reddedildi.<\/p>\n
Bunun \u00fczerine dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirlenen ki\u015fi, Anayasa Mahkemesine bireysel ba\u015fvuruda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Me\u015fru yollardan elde etti\u011fini belirtti\u011fi alt\u0131n ve nakit paran\u0131n, dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesinden \u015fikayet eden ba\u015fvurucu, itirazlar\u0131n\u0131n derece mahkemelerince dikkate al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tan\u0131klar\u0131n dinlenilmedi\u011fini ve etrafl\u0131 bir mali durum ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu gerek\u00e7elerle m\u00fclkiyet ve adil yarg\u0131lanma haklar\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvuruyu ele alan Anayasa Mahkemesi, ba\u015fvurucunun, Anayasan\u0131n 35. maddesinde g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nan m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlal edilmedi\u011fine karar verdi.<\/p>\n
Gerek\u00e7eden
\nY\u00fcksek Mahkemenin gerek\u00e7esinde, somut olayda ba\u015fvurucunun el konularak, m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesine karar verilen nakit para ve ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclk te\u015fkil etti\u011finde ku\u015fku bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Anayasan\u0131n 35. maddesinde m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z bir hak olarak d\u00fczenlenmedi\u011fi, bu hakk\u0131n kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla ve kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hat\u0131rlat\u0131lan gerek\u00e7ede, Anayasan\u0131n 13. ve 35. maddeleri uyar\u0131nca m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ancak kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labildi\u011fine i\u015faret edildi.<\/p>\n
Su\u00e7larla ve kabahatlerle m\u00fccadele \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde el koyma, m\u00fcsadere veya m\u00fclkiyetin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesi gibi tedbirlerin \u00f6nemli ve gerekli birer ara\u00e7 oldu\u011fu vurgulanan gerek\u00e7ede, somut olayda da dilencilik kabahatiyle m\u00fccadele amac\u0131yla bu kabahatten kazan\u00e7 elde edilmemesi i\u00e7in el koyma ile m\u00fclkiyetin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesi tedbirlerinin uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6ylelikle kabahatle m\u00fccadelede cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve yeni kabahatlerin i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesinin hedeflendi\u011fi ifade edilen gerek\u00e7ede, “M\u00fcdahalenin kamu yarar\u0131na dayal\u0131, me\u015fru bir amac\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu ku\u015fkusuzdur.” denildi.<\/p>\n
Gerek\u00e7ede, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan bir m\u00fcdahalenin Anayasan\u0131n 13. ve 35. maddelerine g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc olabilmesi i\u00e7in her \u015feyden \u00f6nce \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye elveri\u015fli olmas\u0131n\u0131n zorunlulu\u011funa i\u015faret edildi.<\/p>\n
M\u00fcdahalede bulunulurken ilgili kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye en uygun arac\u0131n se\u00e7ilmesi gerekti\u011fi, hangi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n tercih edilece\u011finin ise \u00f6ncelikli olarak daha isabetli karar verebilecek konumda olan ilgili kamu makamlar\u0131n\u0131n yetkisinde bulundu\u011fu kaydedildi. Gerek\u00e7ede, bu nedenle hangi arac\u0131n tercih edilece\u011finin belirlenmesi hususunda idarelerin belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde takdir yetkisi bulundu\u011fu belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Somut olayda m\u00fclkiyetin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesi yoluyla yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin kabahatten gelir veya mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 elde edilmemesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in elveri\u015fli bir ara\u00e7 oldu\u011funda teredd\u00fct bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kaydedildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7ede, m\u00fclkiyetin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesi yapt\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fvurucunun \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 ve nakit para y\u00f6n\u00fcnden uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Sulh Ceza Hakimli\u011fince anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na itibar edilen tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 ile olay tutana\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, ba\u015fvurucunun kendisini ac\u0131nd\u0131rarak para istemek suretiyle dilencilik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespit edildi\u011fi kanaatine ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131lan gerek\u00e7ede, ba\u015fvurucunun yakla\u015f\u0131k bir hafta arayla ayn\u0131 yerde dilencilik yaparak ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fczerinde ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 nakit para ve ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131n da dilencilikten elde edildi\u011finin kabul edildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n
“Kararlar\u0131n keyfi oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez”
\nBa\u015fvurucunun, kendisine yeterli imkan da tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde bu kanaatin aksini ispatlayan yeterli ve somut bir delil sunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, derece mahkemelerinin kararlar\u0131n\u0131n keyfi oldu\u011fu veya bariz bir takdir hatas\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011finin s\u00f6ylenemeyece\u011fi vurguland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015fvurucunun yaln\u0131zca dilencilik kabahatini i\u015flendi\u011finin kamu makamlar\u0131nca tespit edildi\u011fi s\u0131rada yan\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131 ve nakit paras\u0131na el konularak m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesine karar verildi\u011fi ifade edilen gerek\u00e7ede, \u015funlar kaydedildi:<\/p>\n
“Buna g\u00f6re ba\u015fvurucunun ba\u015fkaca bir geliri veya mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak ayr\u0131ca bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m veya tedbir uygulanmas\u0131 yoluna da gidilmemi\u015ftir. Bu durumda ba\u015fvurucu, dilencilikten elde etti\u011fi gelirin \u00fczerinde bir m\u00fclke el konuldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren somut bir delil de sunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015fikayete konu m\u00fclkiyetin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki m\u00fcdahalenin, korunan hukuki menfaat ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k bir orant\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015fvurucunun i\u015fledi\u011fi kabul edilen kabahatin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rebilecek durumda oldu\u011fu ve \u015fikayet etti\u011fi m\u00fcdahaleye ise kendi a\u011f\u0131r kusuruyla yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu itibarla dilencilik kabahatinden elde edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle ba\u015fvurucunun yan\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 ziynet e\u015fyas\u0131n\u0131n ve nakit paras\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7irilmesi \u015feklindeki m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin, Anayasan\u0131n 13. ve 35. maddelerinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen g\u00fcvencelerin somut olayda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle i\u00e7erdi\u011fi kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ba\u015fvurucuya \u015fahsi olarak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir k\u00fclfet y\u00fcklemedi\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ba\u015fvurucunun m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ile m\u00fcdahalenin kamu yarar\u0131 amac\u0131 aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gereken adil dengenin bozulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131na yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc oldu\u011fu sonucuna var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Anayasa Mahkemesi, dilencinin \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan alt\u0131n ve paralar\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetinin kamuya ge\u00e7mesinin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ihlali olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verdi. Zab\u0131taya yakalanan ve \u00fczerinden \u00e7\u0131kan 26 \u00e7eyrek alt\u0131n, 12 Cumhuriyet alt\u0131n\u0131, bir bilezik ve bin 633 liran\u0131n...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15836,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[50,1,51],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15835"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15837,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15835\/revisions\/15837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}