{"id":9594,"date":"2014-09-16T11:56:27","date_gmt":"2014-09-16T08:56:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/?p=9594"},"modified":"2014-09-16T11:56:27","modified_gmt":"2014-09-16T08:56:27","slug":"izmir-korfezindeki-iyilesme-baliga-da-yaradi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/?p=9594","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki iyile\u015fme bal\u0131\u011fa da yarad\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"izm2\"<\/a>\u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki su kalitesi, bal\u0131klar\u0131 da olumlu \u015fekilde etkiledi. K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki canl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri artarken, bal\u0131klardaki a\u011f\u0131r metal oranlar\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. DE\u00dc Deniz Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan son raporda, K\u00f6rfez barbunu ve \u0131sparozun T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodeksi, MAFF (\u0130ngiliz G\u0131da, Tar\u0131m ve Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) ve FAO (Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc) a\u011f\u0131r metal limit de\u011ferlerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tespit edildi. <\/p>\n

2000\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar her t\u00fcrl\u00fc at\u0131\u011f\u0131n bo\u015falt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yer olarak kullan\u0131lan \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki su kalitesi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u201cAB Y\u00fczme Suyu Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u201d kriterlerini sa\u011flayan kaliteye ula\u015f\u0131rken, deniz alt\u0131ndaki ya\u015fam da \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 iyile\u015fmeyi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. \u0130\u00e7 k\u00f6rfezde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f oksijen seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesi ile birlikte canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc say\u0131lar\u0131nda da ciddi art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fan\u0131yor. \u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl \u00dcniversitesi Deniz Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc i\u015fbirli\u011fi ile y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u0130zmir kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131lan 2013 y\u0131l sonu raporu \u201cY\u00fcz\u00fclebilir K\u00f6rfez\u201d i\u00e7in umut verirken, K\u00f6rfez\u2019de yeti\u015fen bal\u0131klar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r metal incelemelerinde de \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00dcniversitenin D\u0131\u015f, Orta ve \u0130\u00e7 K\u00f6rfez\u2019de y\u0131lda d\u00f6rt kez olmak \u00fczere 38 istasyondan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6rneklerden elde edilen sonu\u00e7lar, \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Kanal Projesi\u2019nin \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi Denizel Ortam\u0131ndaki Fiziksel, Kimyasal, Biyolojik ve Mikrobiyolojik Etki ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130zlenmesi\u201d adl\u0131 raporda yay\u0131nland\u0131. 2013 y\u0131l\u0131 Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan son raporda, D\u0131\u015f K\u00f6rfezi temsil eden Fo\u00e7a \u2013 Gediz Nehri\u2019nin denize d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00f6lge ile G\u00fclbah\u00e7e b\u00f6lgesi ve orta-i\u00e7 K\u00f6rfez\u2019i temsil eden Uzunada b\u00f6lgesinde yakalanan barbun ve \u0131sparoz bal\u0131klar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r metal a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan incelendi. T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodeksi Standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re bir kiloda 1000 mikrogram olan civa s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri K\u00f6rfez barbun ve \u0131sparozunda en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck 48 ve en y\u00fcksek 284 mikrogram\/kilogram olarak belirlendi. 50 mikrogram\/kilogram olan kadminyum s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri K\u00f6rfez bal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek 1.76, 300 mikrogram\/kilogram kur\u015fun s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri yine bal\u0131klarda en y\u00fcksek 219 olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re 50.000 mikrogram\/kilogram krom s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri k\u00f6rfez \u0131sparoz ve barbunlar\u0131nda en y\u00fcksek 162, 30.000 mikrogram\/kilogram bak\u0131r s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri en y\u00fcksek 609, 100.000 mikrogram\/kilogram \u00e7inko s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri ise 7 bin 933 olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc. <\/p>\n

Raporda; \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nden yakalanan barbun ve \u0131sparoz bal\u0131klar\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen a\u011f\u0131r metal konsantrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodesi, MAFF (\u0130ngiliz G\u0131da, Tar\u0131m ve Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) ve FAO (Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc) limit de\u011ferlerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu belirtilirken, a\u011f\u0131r metal konsantrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n B\u00fcy\u00fck Kanal Projesi\u2019nin hayata ge\u00e7mesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak azalmakta oldu\u011fu bilgisi yer ald\u0131. \u00d6rnek olarak ise en kritik a\u011f\u0131r metal olan civa konsantrasyonunun maksimum de\u011ferinin 399 mikrogram\/kilogramdan 284\u2019e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirtildi. (T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodeksi Standartlar\u0131 1.000, MAFF standartlar\u0131 500)<\/p>\n

Prof. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksezgin; \u201cBal\u0131klarda metal seviyesi d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u201d
\n\u0130ZSU Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile birlikte 1996 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana ve \u00f6zellikle 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra s\u00fcrekli \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen DE\u00dc Deniz Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Filiz K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksezgin, \u201cHer y\u0131l d\u00fczenli olarak d\u0131\u015f ve orta K\u00f6rfez\u2019de yo\u011fun olarak bulunan ve t\u00fcketilen barbun ile \u0131sparoz bal\u0131klar\u0131nda metal (konsantrasyonu) \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriyoruz. 2004 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz metal de\u011ferlerindeki maksimum seviyeler son y\u0131llarda azald\u0131. Bulunan metal konsantrasyonlar\u0131 D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ve \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki y\u00f6netmeliklerin izin verdi\u011fi tolere edilebilir miktar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda\u201d diye konu\u015ftu. B\u00fcy\u00fck Kanal Projesi\u2019nin K\u00f6rfez\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir iyile\u015fmeye yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcksezgin, \u201c\u00d6zellikle \u0131\u015f\u0131k ge\u00e7irgenli\u011finin artmas\u0131, canl\u0131lar\u0131n alt tabakaya kadar inmesine sebep oldu. Sirk\u00fclasyon ve oksijen seviyesinin artmas\u0131 t\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlerini de art\u0131rd\u0131\u201d dedi. <\/p>\n

\u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi yeniden do\u011fdu
\n\u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki de\u011fi\u015fimi 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana s\u00fcrekli kontrol alt\u0131nda tutan \u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin her ay \u0130ZSU Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Laboratuvar\u0131\u2019na yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 analiz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki iyile\u015fmeyi net bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. 11 noktadan al\u0131nan numunelerde yap\u0131lan tahliller, K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki su kalitesini belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan ask\u0131da kat\u0131 madde, koli basili ve bulan\u0131kl\u0131k verilerinin, son y\u0131llarda \u201cAvrupa Birli\u011fi Y\u00fczme Suyu Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u201d s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerinin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor. Su Kirlili\u011fi Kontrol\u00fc Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi Deniz Suyu Kriterlerine g\u00f6re belirlenen litrede 30 miligram \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011fer K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki su kalitesinin artmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bir\u00e7ok istasyonda litrede 5 miligram\u0131n alt\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcyor. <\/p>\n

Y\u00fczme Suyu Kalitesi Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi (AB Y\u00fczme Suyu Direktifi) kalite kriterlerine g\u00f6re 100 mililitre suda 200 \u2013 2.000 olarak belirlenen fekal koliform (koliform bakteri) de\u011ferleri ise \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde \u00f6zellikle istasyonlar\u0131n tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u201c0\u201d olarak saptan\u0131yor. K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki toplam koliform oran\u0131 (g\u0131da ve sular\u0131n s\u0131hhi durumunu g\u00f6steren bakteri) da s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerin \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. <\/p>\n

Avrupa standartlar\u0131nda ar\u0131tma
\n\u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan ar\u0131tmalarda \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi denetlemeler de, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f suyu de\u011ferlerinin, kirlilik s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen standartlar\u0131n \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor.
\nGeni\u015fleyen s\u0131n\u0131rlarla birlikte \u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi, 17\u2019si ileri biyolojik olmak \u00fczere i\u015fletti\u011fi ar\u0131tma say\u0131s\u0131 k\u00f6y ar\u0131tmalar\u0131 ile birlikte 67\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131. Ar\u0131tma tesis say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fazlala\u015fmas\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f suyu kalitesinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131, sadece \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nde de\u011fil, kentin turistik y\u00f6relerindeki deniz suyu kalitesini de art\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Nereden nereye?
\n1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llardan itibaren \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi giderek kirlenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve her t\u00fcrl\u00fc at\u0131k ar\u0131tmaya tabi tutulmadan K\u00f6rfez\u2019e akt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 2000 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar devam etti. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda devreye giren B\u00fcy\u00fck Kanal Projesi ile t\u00fcm at\u0131k sular ar\u0131tma tesislerinde ar\u0131t\u0131larak K\u00f6rfez\u2019e de\u015farj edilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda da G\u00fcneybat\u0131 At\u0131k Su Ar\u0131tma Tesisi hizmete girdi. Bunu Rag\u0131p Pa\u015fa Dalyan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131, Meles Deltas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u0131slah\u0131, end\u00fcstriyel kurulu\u015flara ar\u0131tma tesislerinin yapt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u0131slah \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 izledi. Dere yataklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7indeki kanal hatlar\u0131 iptal edilerek dere kenarlar\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131, derelerin sadece ya\u011fmur suyunu K\u00f6rfez\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. B\u00f6ylelikle \u0130zmir, at\u0131k su alt yap\u0131s\u0131 ile geli\u015fmi\u015f ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f metropollerle yar\u0131\u015f\u0131r bir konuma ula\u015ft\u0131. Can \u00e7eki\u015fen K\u00f6rfez, eski y\u0131llarda oldu\u011fu gibi mavi rengiyle tekrar b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi, il\u00e7e ve beldelere kurdu\u011fu biyolojik ar\u0131tma tesisleri ile Gediz, Nif ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Menderes havzalar\u0131n\u0131 kirlilikten kurtard\u0131. 2008 \u2013 2013 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda 872 bin 500 ki\u015finin evsel at\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ar\u0131tacak kapasitede biri biyolojik, 10\u2019u ileri biyolojik olmak \u00fczere 11 ar\u0131tma tesisi hizmete al\u0131nd\u0131; bu ar\u0131tmalar i\u00e7in 85.5 milyon liral\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli \u00e7evre yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131ndan birine daha imza atarak, ar\u0131tma \u00e7amurlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcp de\u011ferlendirilmesini sa\u011flayacak ayn\u0131 zamanda depolanma sorunun ortadan kald\u0131rarak, biogaz elde edilmesini sa\u011flayacak \u201c\u00c7amur \u00c7\u00fcr\u00fctme ve Kurutma Tesisi\u201dni de devreye ald\u0131. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ocak ay\u0131nda hizmete giren tesis i\u00e7in 61.5 milyon liral\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131. 2 milyon liral\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131mla \u0130zmir\u2019in ilk \u201csolar \u00e7amur kurutma\u201d tesisi Havza At\u0131k Su Ar\u0131tma Tesisi\u2019nde hizmete girdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130zmir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi\u2019nin 2008 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana ar\u0131tma yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutar 149 milyon lira oldu. Giderek s\u0131\u011fla\u015fan ve deniz alanlar\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenen \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019nin kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck K\u00f6rfez Projesi\u201d ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ne akan dere a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n temizlenmesi, K\u00f6rfez\u2019in kuzeyinde bir sirk\u00fclasyon kanal\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve K\u00f6rfez taban\u0131ndaki malzemelerin temizlenmesi i\u00e7in 10 milyon liral\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131mla kaz\u0131c\u0131-emici ve destek tipi olmak \u00fczere 2 yeni gemi al\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130zmir K\u00f6rfezi\u2019ndeki su kalitesi, bal\u0131klar\u0131 da olumlu \u015fekilde etkiledi. K\u00f6rfez\u2019deki canl\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri artarken, bal\u0131klardaki a\u011f\u0131r metal oranlar\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. DE\u00dc Deniz Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan son raporda, K\u00f6rfez barbunu...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9595,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[50,1,16],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9594"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9594"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9598,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9594\/revisions\/9598"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9595"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.belediyeler.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}